Jahresbibliographie der Universität des Saarlandes
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Eintrag in der Jahresbibliographie der Hochschulen des Saarlandes

Scholz, Oliver
Hrsg.: The European Society of Telemetering, Arbeitskreis Telemetrie e.V.

Telemetry for an intra-oral drug delivery system


Kurzfassung in englisch

The requirement of taking pills on a regular basis is not only cumbersome but also leads to decreased patientcompliance, either due to bad co-operation or simply due to forgetfulness. In addition, from the physiological stand-point it is highly desirable to deliver drugs continuously throughout a day to avoid high peaks in plasma concentration, which otherwise only contribute to unnecessarily strong side-effects. A programmable drug delivery system in this respect is clearly superior compared to standard oral delivery. The implantation of such a system is however only justifiable in severe cases, e.g. chronic pain treatment, because of its invasive nature. The placement of a drug delivery system inside the oral cavity lacks the invasiveness but still guarantees good bioavailability due to the presence of highly vascularisednon-keratinised tissue: the buccal mucosa. Space, on the other hand, is extremely limited. The current model occupies the volume of two molar teeth which justifies the use of such a system only to patients who suffer of poor dental health, drug addicts, or Alzheimer patients. Inside this occupied volume resides a highly miniaturised mechatronic system, comprising a drug reservoir for approx. 2 weeks of medication (Naltrexone), an osmotic pump, an electrically actuated valve, sensors for flow and concentration measurements, and on-board electronics plus batteries. The sensors take measures of both, theflow of the drug solution and its concentration to allow for a highly controllable drug delivery. Since the patient/physician needs control of the device in some way, a bi-directional communication interface tothe device is necessary. Such an interface is only acceptable if it is wireless. The size constraints, however, were so tight that a standard RF interface was out of the question. Rather, a trans-buccal IR interface was developed capitalising on the shielding effect of the mouth. In order for the interface to work, the patient is asked to place the remote control onto his/her cheek just above the place where IntelliDrug is located. This procedure resembles the way a mobile phone is used today. Although a rather thick tissue and skin layer has to be overcome, the power consumption of the on-board interface electronics is aslow as 300 ìW. It is beneficial that only small amounts of data are to be transmitted. During flow and concentration measurements, e.g. for testing purposes, the net information size is 30 bits within 2 seconds. Signal framing, hand shaking and error detection increase the number of bits to be transmitted. The speed of transmission is limited by the low power design to 300 bits/s for the uplink and400 bits/s for the downlink. The mean bi-directional package error rate through the buccal skin was measured in vivo and was better than 1.25 %.

Hochschule: Universität des Saarlandes
Institut 1: Lehrstuhl Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Karsten König: Professur für Biophotonik und Lasertechnologie
Institut 2: Fraunhofer-Institut für Biomedizinische Technik (IBMT)
Dokumentart: Weitere Publikationen (u.a. Rezensionen, Lexikon-, Konferenzbeiträge), peer-reviewed
Quelle: 28th European Telemetry Conference : etc 2008, Munich, 15-17 April 2008. - München, 2008

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